Class 12 Physics Study Notes Previous year question papers , sample paper , NCERT Solutions, and all other study material for Physics subject of class 12th are present here for students and teachers.
Class 12 Physics
Class 12 Physics NCERT Text book consists of the following chapters : Electric Charges and Fields, Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance, Current Electricity, Moving Charges and Magnetism, Magnetism and Matter, Electromagnetic Induction, Alternating Current, Electromagnetic Waves, Ray Optics and Optical Instrumentation, Wave Optics, Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter, Atoms, Nuclei, Semiconductor Electronics : Material Devices, and Simple Circuits .
Resource ( Study Material )
| CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus |
| CBSE Class 12 Physics Study Notes |
| CBSE Class 12 Physics NCERT Solutions |
| CBSE Class 12 Physics Sample Paper |
| CBSE Class 12 Physics Model Test Paper |
| CBSE Class 12 Physics Previous Year Question Papers |
CBSE Class 12th Physics Syllabus 2022-23
Unit I: Electrostatic
Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields
Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law-force between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution.
Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform electric field. Electric flux, statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside).
Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two-point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field.
Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor (no derivation, formulae only).
Unit II: Current Electricity
Chapter–3: Current Electricity
Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current; Ohm’s law, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, temperature dependence of resistance, Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchhoff’s rules, Wheatstone bridge.
Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism
Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment.
Biot – Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop.
Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight solenoid (only qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields.
Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, moving coil galvanometer its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.
Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter
Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis (qualitative treatment only), torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field lines.
Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro – magnetic substances with examples, Magnetization of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties
Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents
Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction
Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz’s Law, Self and mutual induction.
Chapter–7: Alternating Current
Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power in AC circuits, power factor, wattless current. AC generator, Transformer
Unit V: Electromagnetic waves
Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves
Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their transverse nature (qualitative idea only).
Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses.
Unit VI: Optics
Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
Ray Optics : Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total internal reflection and optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens maker’s formula, magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, refraction of light through a prism.
Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers.
Chapter–10: Wave Optics
Wave optics: Wave front and Huygen’s principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s principle. Interference, Young’s double slit experiment and expression for fringe width (No derivation final expression only), coherent sources and sustained interference of light, diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maxima (qualitative treatment only).
Unit VII: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation-particle nature of light. Experimental study of photoelectric effect Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation.
Unit VIII: Atoms and Nuclei
Chapter–12: Atoms
Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen atom, Expression for radius of nth possible orbit, velocity and energy of electron in his orbit, of hydrogen line spectra (qualitative treatment only).
Chapter–13: Nuclei
Composition and size of nucleus, nuclear force Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission, nuclear fusion.
Unit IX: Electronic Devices
Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits
Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only) Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors- p and n type, p-n junction Semiconductor diode – I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, application of junction diode -diode as a rectifier.
Reference : CBSE Academics
CBSE Class 12 Physics Study Notes
NCERT Text Book Class 12 Physics- Part I
Study Notes Chapter 1 ( Electric Charges and Fields )
Study Notes Chapter 2 ( Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance )
Study Notes Chapter 3 ( Current Electricity )
Study Notes Chapter 4 ( Moving Charges and Magnetism )
Study Notes Chapter 5 ( Magnetism and Matter )
Study Notes Chapter 6 ( Electromagnetic Induction )
Study Notes Chapter 7 ( Alternating Current )
Study Notes Chapter 8 ( Electromagnetic Waves )
NCERT Text Book Class 12 Physics – Part II
Study Notes Chapter 9 ( Ray Optics and Optical Instrumentation )
Study Notes Chapter 10 ( Wave Optics )
Study Notes Chapter 11 ( Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter )
Study Notes Chapter 12 ( Atoms )
Study Notes Chapter 13 ( Nuclei )
Study Notes Chapter 14 ( Semiconductor Electronics : Material Devices, and Simple Circuits )
CBSE Class 12 Physics NCERT Solutions
NCERT Text Book Class 12 Physics- Part I
NCERT Solution Chapter 1 ( Electric Charges and Fields )
NCERT Solution Chapter 2 ( Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance )
NCERT Solution Chapter 3 ( Current Electricity )
NCERT Solution Chapter 4 ( Moving Charges and Magnetism )
NCERT Solution Chapter 5 ( Magnetism and Matter )
NCERT Solution Chapter 6 ( Electromagnetic Induction )
NCERT Solution Chapter 7 ( Alternating Current )
NCERT Solution Chapter 8 ( Electromagnetic Waves )
NCERT Text Book Class 12 Physics – Part II
NCERT Solution Chapter 9 ( Ray Optics and Optical Instrumentation )
NCERT Solution Chapter 10 ( Wave Optics )
NCERT Solution Chapter 11 ( Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter )
NCERT Solution Chapter 12 ( Atoms )
NCERT Solution Chapter 13 ( Nuclei )
NCERT Solution Chapter 14 ( Semiconductor Electronics : Material Devices, and Simple Circuits )
CBSE Class 12 Physics Previous Year Question Papers
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2022
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2021
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2020
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2019
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2018
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2017
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2016
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2015
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2014
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2013
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2012
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2011
CBSE Class 12 Physics Question Paper 2010